Spain is frequently praised for its beautiful beaches, vibrant cities, and famous cuisine. While places like Barcelona, Madrid, and Ibiza are popular for valid reasons, the real spirit of Spain can often be discovered in its less-traveled regions. Northern Spain, characterized by its verdant mountains, rugged shorelines, and historic villages, provides a distinct viewpoint. Although it doesn’t draw as many visitors as the bustling southern spots, it is just as breathtaking.
For those in search of a more peaceful aspect of Spain, think about heading north after your flight to Madrid. Spend a few days in the lively capital, then board a train north for a week or longer to uncover ancient Roman roads, lesser-known deserts, and towns where age-old customs persist.
Here are three notable locations in Northern Spain: Las Médulas, the Bardenas Reales, and Santillana del Mar. Each presents a unique combination of history, natural beauty, and cultural experiences, all within reach of Madrid.
1. **Las Médulas**
Almost two millennia ago, Roman engineers altered this terrain in their pursuit of gold. Utilizing a technique called ruina montium, they directed water through tunnels to collapse hillsides, revealing gold reserves. The outcome is a remarkable landscape of sharp red cliffs, hollows, and ravines, softened by chestnut forests and walking paths. Today, Las Médulas is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, exemplifying human creativity and nature’s lasting influence. Strolling through the ravines and Roman galleries, one can envision the effort and foresight needed to transform this rugged landscape.
Highlights and Trails:
– **Senda de las Valiñas (4km loop):** A gentle path through chestnut groves and Roman tunnels, ideal for a leisurely morning walk.
– **Mirador de Orellán:** A brief ascent leads to a viewpoint with breathtaking sights, particularly at sunset.
– **Galería de Orellán:** Investigate this restored mining tunnel to get a sense of the ancient extraction activities.
– **Senda Perimetral (14km loop):** A more extended hike surrounding the archaeological site, providing tranquility and picturesque views.
– **Castro de Chano:** An adjacent pre-Roman hillfort, which adds further significance to the region’s history.
– **Mirador de Reirigo:** A serene lookout with expansive views across woodlands and hills.
Practical Details:
– **Where to Stay:** Ponferrada, located just half an hour away, offers a variety of lodging options.
– **Best Season:** Autumn for golden foliage and crisp air; spring for mild temperatures and blooming wildflowers.
– **Tip:** Carry water and snacks, particularly for longer hikes. Maps or GPS applications are useful for navigation.
2. **Bardenas Reales**
To the south of Pamplona, the terrain transitions to arid plains and a semi-desert filled with ochre mesas and ravines. The Bardenas Reales, a 42,000-hectare natural park in Navarre, is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and a region of active military use. Nevertheless, shepherds continue to graze flocks here, and wildlife flourishes. The park’s remoteness often allows visitors to enjoy the trails in solitude.
Sights and Routes:
– **Castildetierra:** The park’s emblematic slender rock spire is particularly stunning at dawn.
– **La Blanca Baja Loop (34km):** A drive or bike ride through the park’s central area, featuring overlooks of scarps and mesas.
– **Piskerra and El Rallón Hike:** A moderate trek with challenging paths and impressive vistas.
– **Balcón de Pilatos:** An elevated point ideal for observing griffon vultures in flight.
– **Cabezo de las Cortinillas:** A quieter geological feature displaying shifting rock hues.
– **Río Aragón Corridor:** A verdant stretch along the river, perfect for birdwatching.
Practical Details:
– **Where to Stay:** Tudela, the closest town, provides cozy accommodations and regional cuisine.
– **Best Season:** Spring or early autumn for comfortable temperatures; wildflowers bloom after rainfall.
– **Tip:** Ensure you have enough water, sunscreen, and snacks, as there are no amenities inside the park.
3. **Santillana del Mar**
Santillana del Mar, located in Cantabria, is a charming village with cobblestone streets, medieval buildings, and delightful squares. It acts as a gateway to the Altamira Cave, famed for its Paleolithic artwork. Strolling through its narrow alleys feels like stepping back in time, and an overnight stay offers a peaceful experience once day visitors depart.
Things to See and Do:
– **Collegiate Church of Santa Juliana:** A Romanesque treasure featuring serene cloisters and intricate carvings.
– **Altamira Cave Replica:** An impressive reproduction of the original cave, closed to protect the art.
– **Museo de Altamira:** A museum that elaborates on the prehistoric culture of the area.
– **Pl